SNAKES & LIZARDS

Snakes

Facts, Identification & Control

Latin Name
Suborder Serpentes

Appearance

Varies greatly depending on species. Overall, they lack fully developed legs and eyelids. They range from around 10 cm to several meters in length. Colors can be vivid greens, reds or yellows to darker black or brown. Many snakes have distinct stripes or patterning. Though many people fear them, snakes are a very important part of our ecosystem. They help control pest populations for a variety of animals. Many snakes found in the United States are nonvenomous and pose no risk to humans other than fright or a potential secondary infection in a bite. Despite this, many people have a deep-seated fear of snakes and don’t want any around their homes.

Behavior, Diet & Habits

Snakes have several different ways to kill prey. Snakes eat such animals as frogs, salamanders, insects, worms, small rodents and birds. Venomous snakes have sharp, hollow fangs designed to pierce skin and inject venom. They are located in the upper jaw with venom glands connected above. When not in use, the fangs fold back onto the mouth. Nonvenomous snakes use constriction to subdue their prey. They bite the prey and quickly wrap themselves around it. The snake applies pressure until the prey usually suffocates. Regardless the method of capture, the prey is consumed whole. The lower jaw is hinged and can open to surprising sizes, allowing the snake to consume prey larger than their mouth would otherwise accommodate.

Snakes are cold-blooded animals, which is why they sun in the warmer months and go into hibernation during the colder. To help keep body temperatures from dropping too low, sometimes snakes will even hibernate in dens together, thus sharing the limited heat available.

Reproduction

Snakes often mate in the spring. Some species lay eggs, while other give birth to live young. Number of offspring varies by species.

Signs of a Snake Infestation

Nonvenomous snakes vs. Venomous Snakes

All snakes should be treated with respect and left alone regardless of venom. Most venomous species in the U.S. are a type of pit viper, including copperheads and rattlesnakes. There are various ways to identify a pit viper from nonvenomous snakes. The physical differences focus on features of the head. Characteristics of the nonvenomous snake are narrow head, no pit between eye and nostril and round pupils. The pit vipers have a triangular shaped head, a prominent pit between eye and nostril and elliptical pupils. There are also tail differences. Of course, close examination of a snake of unknown type can be dangerous. Contact a professional wildlife management technician for positive identification.

More Information

Whether snakes already populate your land or there’s a worry they might, a couple of steps can help prevent a long-term stay. First, remove as much of their preferred habitat as possible. Snakes like something to hide in like wood piles, piles of debris, high grass and overgrown vegetation. If such harborage is removed, snakes will relocate. Second, seal any openings leading into structures (homes, outbuildings, garages, etc.).



Lizards

Lizard is a reptile that typically has a long body and tail, four legs, movable eyelids, and a rough, scaly, or spiny skin. Lizards are common pests in houses, factories & building. There are several different types of lizards that naturally occur in and around houses, building, factories. They may be a pest according to season or geographical regions. Lizards are pest simply by their presence indoors. They do not live or infest indoor areas but come from surrounding while most people do not like lizards or are frightened by their presence on interior walls and counters. These animals are not harmful. They will not bite people or pests. Lizards are inactive primarily during day and night. They move indoors during the early evening or early morning in search of insects that are attracted to lights. Lizards feed primarily on insects and spiders. They especially prefer ants. They are the solitary animals but they may occur in large nos. where there is an abundant vegetation & moist conditions. Mating occurs in the spring & eggs are laid. Soon after the eggs are hatched in summer young lizards take about 2 years to become adult. The young ones are recognized by their small sign of a short tail.

Mode Of Treatment

This treatment would be carried out by directing the recommended pesticides towards the lizards ant their hideouts & killing them. Spraying of target specific pesticides will be done on electric wires, meter rooms, bathroom, windows, tunnels, cracks & crevices, and conduits.

Get rid of the food source:

If you’ve done any research at all on getting rid of lizards, you have seen this suggestion. Fact is there’s just nothing more effective that you can do. No food for the lizard, no lizard. The problem is there are a billion and a half different pests out there that lizards eat. As a first step, spray the foundation of your home with a wide spectrum pesticide. Look for products like Talstar, Suspend SC, or Cynoff. If you want more in-depth advice for a particular critter, check our Pest Control section.

Make your home inhospitable:

Keep your place clean. A dirty/messy house invites all sorts of pests by providing both food and hiding places for them. If you are providing these things for insects, you are providing food for lizards. Dirty dishes, garbage, un-swept floors, piles of laundry, piles of magazines, newspapers, boxes, etc. all need to get taken care of. Also, turn the heat down as far as you can stand it. Lizards like warmth. Keep furniture at least six inches from the wall, and don’t hang lots of pictures and mirrors. Lizards like to hang out on and behind them. Fix any leaky faucets or pipes. Lizards and their food need water.

Make it difficult for lizards to get in:

Many lizards, like geckos and anoles, can squish their scaly little bodies pretty small. That said, you need to make sure that there are no entry points to your home. Walk the outside perimeter of your house and look for any cracks or holes. Look around all wiring and plumbing, and check for spaces that a lizard (or his food) might be able to squeeze through and fill them with some caulk. Look around windows for cracks. Fix holes in screens. Make sure any venting is well screened. Finally, if you can stand the smell, place a handful of mothballs in the windows. Lizards apparently don’t like them much.

Make your yard inhospitable:

If you have any standing water outside, get rid of it. This includes baths, ponds, streams, and old tires. If there’s water, there’s going to be a healthy breeding population of insects, which means there’s going to be lizards. Water your yard sparingly, if at all. Lizards like having plants to hide in. Trim back any bushes that are near the house, especially those by doors and windows. Avoid planting succulents. If lizards can’t find water, many of them will chew on succulents to get it. Put some lizard/animal netting over shrubs, trees, and plants. Don’t use outdoor lighting at night. It attracts bugs for lizards to eat. If you must use lighting, use yellow lights or sodium vapour lights. The fewer the bugs, the fewer the lizards.

Catch and release:

If, by some chance, a lizard gets past all of your defences . . . be brave. Catching lizards isn’t all that hard. Scare it into a corner. Put a box along one edge of the wall with the opening of the box facing the lizard. Grab a broom and give the lizard a little nudge towards the box. Nine times out of ten they will simply run right into it (unless there’s a cat in the box). Tip the box upright real quick and cover it tight with another piece of cardboard. Take the box outside to your least favourite neighbour’s yard, set it down, and tip it over with a stick. (Side note: squirting lizards with cold water slows them down and makes them easier to catch.

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